{"id":355,"date":"2011-01-07T00:00:02","date_gmt":"2011-01-06T23:00:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/wordpress\/index.php\/2011\/01\/07\/149\/"},"modified":"2024-02-29T01:04:12","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T00:04:12","slug":"149","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/2011\/01\/07\/149\/","title":{"rendered":"Mesiac v re\u010di symbolov"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Mesiac je\u00a0v symbolike najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie nebesk\u00e9 teleso popri Slnku.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V starej \u010c\u00edne ho pova\u017eovali za \u201e\u017eensk\u00e9&#8220; znamenie j\u00edn, a to najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee Mesiac s\u00e1m svetlo nevy\u017earuje, iba pas\u00edvne prij\u00edma, ako aj pre podobnos\u0165 mesa\u010dn\u00fdch f\u00e1z s cyklom \u017eenskej men\u0161tru\u00e1cie. Vznikanie a zanikanie a neprestajne sa opakuj\u00face f\u00e1zy s\u00fa symbolom princ\u00edpu ve\u010dn\u00e9ho \u017eivota a smrti. Len zriedkavo sa poklad\u00e1 Mesiac za mu\u017esk\u00fd symbol, ove\u013ea \u010dastej\u0161ie b\u00fdva interpretovan\u00fd ako \u017eensk\u00fd element (l\u00e1t. Luna, gr. Selene al. Arte-mis, v\u00fdchodo\u00e1zij. Kuan-jin, Kwannon, maysk\u00e1 Ix-chel).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V alch\u00fdmii predstavovala Luna striebro a s\u00fa\u010dasne \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eovn\u00fa&#8220;, kt. sa sp\u00e1ja s \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eom&#8220; na androg\u00fdna. Pod\u013ea star\u00fdch \u013eudov\u00fdch predst\u00e1v mesa\u010dn\u00e9 f\u00e1zy ovplyv\u0148uj\u00fa nielen pr\u00edliv a odliv, ale aj st\u00fapanie a klesanie \u0161tiav v rastlin\u00e1ch, rast vlasov a prietok krvi \u017eilami. Mesa\u010dn\u00e9 rastliny (tie, kt, kvitn\u00fa v noci) sa uplat\u0148ovali ako lie\u010div\u00e1 pri \u017eensk\u00fdch \u0165a\u017ekostiach. V kres\u0165. ikonografii sa s Mesiacom \u010dasto sp\u00e1jala Panna M\u00e1ria, Matka Bo\u017eia, \u010di u\u017e stojaca al. tr\u00f3nia-ca na mesa\u010dnom kos\u00e1ku, \u010do v oblastiach Rak\u00faska pripom\u00edna aj v\u00ed\u0165azstvo nad Turkami (ich vojensk\u00fdm znakom bol polmesiac).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mesiac sa spom\u00edna v s\u00favislosti so Zjaven\u00edm J\u00e1na (12,1): \u201eVe\u013ek\u00e9 znamenie uk\u00e1zalo sa na nebi: \u017eena, odet\u00e1 do slnka, pod nohami mesiac&#8230;&#8220; Za mesa\u010dn\u00fd symbol sa pokladala \u2014&gt; dvojse\u010dn\u00e1 sekera s dvoma polmesiace vit\u00fdmi ostriami (pripisovali ju b\u00e1jnym bojovn\u00ed\u010dkam Amazonk\u00e1m), resp. luk, kt. m\u00e1 podobu mesa\u010dn\u00e9ho kos\u00e1ka. Aj bohy\u0148a temn\u00f4t Hekate Triodotis s tromi tv\u00e1rami sa ch\u00e1pala ako symbol mesa\u010dn\u00fdch f\u00e1z al. troch \u017eivotn\u00fdch f\u00e1z \u017eeny &#8212; &#8211; panna, matka, starena.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">P\u00f4sobiv\u00fd symb. m\u00fdtus sa nach\u00e1dza v \u017eid. legend\u00e1ch (E. hin Gorion), kt. sa vz\u0165ahuje na du\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m Slnko\/Mesiac a vysvet\u013euje, pre\u010do m\u00e1 Mesiac ako jeden z \u201enebesk\u00fdch lamp\u00e1\u0161ov&#8220; slab\u0161ie svetlo. Stvorite\u013e &#8211; tak rozpr\u00e1va legenda \u2014 vysvetlil Mesiacu, \u017ee jestvuj\u00fa dva svety, tento a z\u00e1hrobn\u00fd, preto existuj\u00fa aj dve svietidl\u00e1. Mesiac napriek tomu, \u017ee mu bol pris\u00faden\u00fd v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed z dvoch svetov, z\u00e1hrobie, bol nespokojn\u00fd, \u017ee nemal silnej\u0161ie svetlo ako Slnko. ,.Tu povedal P\u00e1n: Je mi jasn\u00e9, \u017ee by si chcel, aby som zmen\u0161il Slnko a teba zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161il. Preto\u017ee v\u0161ak zle zm\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0161 so Slnkom, bude\u0161 ty ten men\u0161\u00ed a tvoj svit bude 60-kr\u00e1t slab\u0161\u00ed ako slne\u010dn\u00fd. Tu povedal Mesiac P\u00e1novi: \u00d3, P\u00e1n sveta, bolo to len jedin\u00e9 slovko, kt. som vyslovil, a preto m\u00e1m by\u0165 tak tvrdo potrestan\u00fd? Tu povedal P\u00e1n: Raz (asi ke\u010f nadide Posledn\u00fd s\u00fad) bude\u0161 op\u00e4\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00fd ako Slnko a svit Mesiaca bude ako svit Slnka.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pr\u00edznakom Posledn\u00e9ho s\u00fadu (\u2014&gt;\u2022 z\u00e1nik sveta) je v\u0161ak zatmenie Mesiaca (Jocl 4,15). Mesiac sa nielen u n\u00e1s, ale napr. i v Izraeli sp\u00e1ja so \u017eenskos\u0165ou a no\u010dnou i z\u00e1hrobnou str\u00e1nkou bytia, \u010do sa ukazuje aj na asoci\u00e1cii s plodnos\u0165ou, \u017deny a dom\u00e1ce zvierat\u00e1 (\u0165avy) nosili na krku mal\u00fd mesia\u010dik. Theophilus z Antiochie (2. stor. n. 1.) nazeral na Mesiac a na Slnko ako na symboly du\u00e1lneho syst\u00e9mu, ako na ,,nosite\u013eov a budovate\u013eov ve\u013ek\u00e9ho myst\u00e9ria. Slnko loti\u017e je obrazom Boha a Mesiac obra- zom \u010dloveka (kt. zo Slnka prij\u00edma svetlo).&#8220; Podobne sa symb. vyjadroval Origenes (184\u2014254 n. 1.), kt. prirovn\u00e1val Mesiac k cirkvi odovzd\u00e1vaj\u00facej svetlo v\u0161etk\u00fdm veriacim. Je takmer samozrejm\u00e9, \u017ee \u010dasto pozorovan\u00e9 \u201eznovuzrodenie&#8220; Mesiaca sa porovn\u00e1valo so zm\u0155tvychvstan\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V starom Peru bolo uctievanie Mesiaca podriaden\u00e9 dominantn\u00e9mu kultu Slnka. Inka Garcilaso de la Vega (1539\u20141616) naz\u00fdval Mesiac \u201eman\u017eelkou Slnka&#8220; a nap\u00edsal, \u017ee chr\u00e1mov\u00e1 miestnos\u0165 bola oblo\u017een\u00e1 strieborn\u00fdmi plat\u0148ami, \u201eaby \u010dlovek poznal, \u017ee je to komnata Mesiaca. Podobne ako pri Slnku, i t\u00e1 bola vn\u00fatri ozdoben\u00e1, a to striebornou podobiz\u0148ou \u017eenskej tv\u00e1re. Do tejto komnaty \u010dlovek vkro\u010dil, aby vyh\u013eadal Mesiac a odovzdal sa do jeho ochrany, preto\u017ee ho pokladal za sestru a \u017eenu Slnka, tak ako i matku \u013enkov a cel\u00e9ho pokolenia \u2014 preto ho volali Mamaquilla, \u010do znamen\u00e1 Matka Mesiac. Tu sa neprin\u00e1\u0161ali obety ako Slnku. Po oboch stran\u00e1ch mesa\u010dn\u00e9ho bo\u017estva boli postaven\u00e9 tel\u00e1 m\u0155tvych kr\u00e1\u013eovien, zoraden\u00e9 pod\u013ea n\u00e1sledn\u00edctva a veku&#8230;&#8220;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V astrol\u00f3gii sa pova\u017euje p\u00fatnik Zeme e\u0161te st\u00e1le ako v ant. geocentrickom syst\u00e9me za \u201eplan\u00e9tu&#8220;, s\u00fa\u010dasne je spolu so Slnkom jedn\u00fdm z dvoch \u201ehlavn\u00fdch svetie\u013e&#8216;. Je to Zemi najbli\u017e\u0160\u0161ie nebesk\u00e9 teleso, ukazuje jej st\u00e1le t\u00fa ist\u00fa tv\u00e1r, \u010do bolo podnetom pre mnoh\u00e9 b\u00e1je. Pre svoje striedav\u00e9 f\u00e1zy plat\u00ed i v astrol\u00f3gii za \u201emenliv\u00fd, s pominute\u013en\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkom&#8220;, ale predsa aj za \u201edobrodinca&#8220; (benefactor), kt. ako \u201e\u017eensk\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta&#8220; ovplyv\u0148uje myse\u013e, \u017eensk\u00e9 pohlavie, matky a n\u00e1rodn\u00fa celistvos\u0165. Mesiac m\u00e1 svoj dom v znamen\u00ed B\u00fdka (\u010di u\u017e pre b\u00fd\u010die rohy pripom\u00ednaj\u00face konce jeho kos\u00e1ka, al. pre m\u00fdtick\u00fa s\u00favislos\u0165 medzi bohy-\u0148ami Mesiaca a ich viriln\u00fdm partnerom v b\u00fd\u010dej podobe). Nov\u0161ia astrol\u00f3gia pripisuje Mesiacu schopnos\u0165 ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 vonkaj\u0161iu osobnos\u0165 \u017eeny a vn\u00fatorn\u00fa (anim\u00e4) mu\u017ea. V antike sa hovorilo o Lune mendax, klam\u00e1rskom Mesiaci, o. i. preto, lebo zmeny f\u00e1z sa podobaj\u00fa p\u00edsmenu C (crescere \u2014 rast) a p\u00edsmenu D (decrescere \u2014 z\u00e1nik), \u010do v\u0161ak je opakom toho, ako kos\u00e1k Mesiaca skuto\u010dne narast\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ako \u201emesa\u010dn\u00e9 kamene&#8220; sa ozna\u010dovali perly, op\u00e1l a selenit a skvosty 7, perlete, za pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd kov sa poklad\u00e1 striebro; pod\u013ea in\u00fdch \u0161pekul\u00e1ci\u00ed sa s Mesiacom sp\u00e1ja adul\u00e1r i ach\u00e1t. Skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee dnes je Mesiac pre \u010dloveka u\u017e nielen \u201esymb. miestom&#8220; na oblohe s v\u00fdznamom pre po\u00e9ziu a \u017ee \u010dlovek na\u0148 i vyst\u00fapil, nem\u00e1 pre astrol\u00f3giu nijak\u00fd hlb\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed obrazu sveta si tradi\u010dn\u00e9 plan\u00e9ty ponechali svoj starod\u00e1vny i deter-minat\u00edvny symb. v\u00fdznam pre \u013eudsk\u00fd \u017eivot. Ikonograficky sa Mesiac naj\u010dastej\u0161ie zn\u00e1zor\u0148uje ako kos\u00e1k, zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a s profilom obr\u00e1ten\u00fdm na\u013eavo. Prost\u00fd mesa\u010dn\u00fd kos\u00e1k sa objavuje v erboch mnoh\u00fdch islamsk\u00fdch kraj\u00edn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Heraldick\u00e9 zobrazenie Mesiaca pramen\u00ed pod\u013ea B\u00d4cklera (1688) v tom, \u017ee sto Romulov\u00fdch radcov nosilo na top\u00e1nkach pointesiac v podobe p\u00edsmena C ,,na znak toho, \u017ee v\u0161etko, \u010do sa pod Mesiacom nach\u00e1dza, je pozemsk\u00e9 a m\u00e1rne, al. aby ich ako radcov od in\u00fdch rozoznali. Osoby \u0161\u013eachtick\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu, kt. maj\u00fa Mesiac v svojom erbe, \u010do m\u00e1 znamena\u0165 pr\u00edrastok, prevzali ho zrejme od star\u00fdch Turkov.&#8220; \u010eal\u0161ie s\u00favislosti (\u2014&gt;) anjel, b\u00fdk, \u010dierna farba, Diana, jasky\u0148a, Kain, kos\u00e1k, kozoro\u017eec, krava, matka, mlieko, noc, p\u00e4\u0165, plan\u00e9ty, rak, ropucha, symbolika farieb, vreteno, zajac, \u017eaba.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Biederman, H.: Lexikon symbolov. Obzor, Bratislava 1992, 179-181<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mesiac je\u00a0v symbolike najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie nebesk\u00e9 teleso popri Slnku.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2682,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,9],"tags":[25,24,22],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=355"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1514,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/355\/revisions\/1514"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2682"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kpufo.eu\/sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}